The similarities and differences between the common school and institution like asylums, orphanages, and prisons that were created by reformers are the similarities were the intent to remake human beings into free, morally upright citizens and shared with communitarians and religious believers. \text{Amortization of Patent} &&125,000\\ \text{Land}& \$ 500,000 &\$ 400,000\\ Consolidated Statement of Income and Horrified, she worked to publicize the conditions of the jail and gain public support for its improvement. 13 A House Divided - Revi, EOAC 1700 Conflict Management & Resolution, EOAC 1600 EO Complaint Process & Interview Sk, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine. \quad\text{Total Intangibles}& \$ 1,875,000 &\$ 2,000,000\\ They formed abolition groups together to voice their opinions and fought in arguments over women's suffrage. The movements shared a common support base, and many abolitionists advocated, or were active in, the womens rights movement, or vice versa. For the most part, the African American community did not see colonization or repatriation as a viable alternative to emancipation and abolition. She conducted an eighteen month study of the jails and almshouses of Massachusetts and, in 1843, made a presentation to the Massachusetts legislature, reporting that the mentally ill were housed in cages, closets, cellars and pensChained, naked, beaten with rods, and lashed into obedience. A movement for change was already underway when Dix began her campaign for reform; for instance, Quakers had already founded several asylums for treatment. For the most part, it appealed to the elite of society. Pace of Life Preference by Gender. These movements were generally more active in the Northern states. \text{ASSETS}\\ Frederick Douglass, an escaped slave, was a key leader of this society who often spoke at its meetings. The idea that social ills once considered incurable could in fact be eliminated. By the 1830s, Americans were drinking more than ever; in the 1830s, the average American consumed more than 1.5 bottles of liquor a week. \quad\text{Total Property, Plant, and Equipment}& \$10,000,000 &\$ 9,400,000\\ Much of the influence for this reformist influence came from the Second Great Awakening and its call to redeem sinners, as well as its belief in the goodness of humans. By the end of the meeting, a plan emerged to march on the city of Richmond on August 30, 1800, seizing the capitol and capturing the governor. a. \text{Bad Debt Expense} &&120,000\\ The Burned-Over District was not only the site of revivals of the Protestant denominations of the Second Great Awakening, but also the birthplace of new religious movements such as the Millerites, a millennial group who preached that the Second Advent (or second coming) of Jesus was imminent. In later years, the Society provided the founding impetus to the Liberty Party, a political party with an abolitionist platform. Determined to make abolitionism a political movement, the seceders formed the Liberty Party, which nominated James G. Birney as its candidate for president. Social activists sought to end slavery and establish greater rights for women. This message of freedom was most clearly expressed in its associations with slave rebellions. The market revolution had changed American society in many ways. \text{Additional Paid-In Capital}& 3,000,000 &2,400,000\\ Gabriels brother, Martin, was recognized by the local black community as a lay-preacher. Preferred Pace of Life Antebellum reform was international in scope . 1. There was a rise in literacy due to a few revolutions that sparked hope and motivation among blacks who suffered through slavery. Veseys plan called for teams of rebels to attack targets such as the arsenal and guardhouse. Her body, her possessions (Except personal items), her children. 0.080.080.08 The early nineteenth century was a time of great reform in the United States. \text{Increase in Retained Earnings}&& \$ 2,200,000\\ In the 19th Century's Antebellum Era, Americans began several social reform movements influenced by transcendentalism and the Second Great Awakening. Women joined and actively participated in abolitionist organizations such as the Anti-Slavery Society; they sponsored events such as the Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women. \textbf{Property, Plant, and Equipment}\\ Meanwhile, many doctors were citing large amounts of alcohol as injurious to an individuals health. Gabriels Rebellion of 1800 grew in part out of a series of revival meetings in the area of Richmond, Virginia. Over the course of two days, the delegates discussed the role of women in society and debated the issue of womens right to vote. Eventually, however, he was captured, tried, and executed. Significantly, Gabriel forbade the conspirators to kill Methodists and Quakers, groups that were actively seeking manumission for slaves in the area at this time. Because it was generally inclusive of everyone, the message was spread to men and women, to rich and poor, and among slaves and free blacks alike. \text{Cost of Goods Sold}&&\$ 5,000,000\\ At the same time, the Second Great Awaking stressed the notion of personal responsibility and the responsibility of a person to the sins of neighbors. Like many religious movements of the day, Mormons believed in the imminent Second Coming of Jesus. Fifty-five slaves were tried for insurrection, murder, and treason. - the intent to remake human beings into free, morally upright citizens. They were inspired in part by the success of British abolitionists. He ended his appeal by writing, I will not equivocate- I will not excuse- I will not retreat a single inch- and I will be heard. Along with an immediate end to slavery, Garrison also espoused racial equality as an absolute necessity to ending the institution without massive bloodshed. Questions relating to the financial statements of Chicago Corporation follow. Unlike the prevailing message of the Second Great Awakening in the Burned-Over district, the Mormon church was extremely patriarchial; women could achieve salvation only through obedience and submission to their husbands. \text{Retained Earnings, December 31, 2012}&& 2,800,000\\ The utopian communities challenge existing ideas about property and marriage by prohibiting sexual relations between men and women altogether, others allowed them to change partners at will and the abolition of private property must be accompanied by an end to men's property in women. Early nineteenth-century America was a time of reform. They were subsequently executed. Two of the most significant reform movements to come out of the reform period of 1820-1840 were the anti-slavery movement and the women's rights movement. After the conspiracy was quelled, white Charlestonians accused black congregations of the same offense: falsifying and misinterpreting the Bible. The American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS) (1833-1870) was an abolitionist society founded by William Lloyd Garrison, and Arthur Tappan. The Grimk sisters, Sarah and Angelina, spoke out against the system of slavery in many forums. The daughters of a prominent slave owner, they spoke of their personal knowledge and experience of the system. Turner was a literate, deeply religious man born into slavery in Southampton County, Virginia. \text{Prepayments}& 200,000 &200,000\\ What is your opinion on this question: "Should the national government distribute money to states with "no strings attached," or should the grant have stipulations?" "The Antebellum reforms was a new, more radical anti-slavery movement that emerged by the early 1830s. \text{Cash}& \$ 100,000 &\$ 200,000\\ This page titled 13.3: American Antebellum Reform is shared under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Catherine Locks, Sarah Mergel, Pamela Roseman, Tamara Spike & Marie Lasseter (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. Women formed a large part of the membership of the Society and the movement, and they were seen by many as the American voice of morality. What were the diverse sources of the antebellum women's rights movement? b. Not all preachers took the same attitude towards women as Finney; many preachers in the north turned to the same passages and idea of Christian men as patriarchs to their wives, female relatives, and children that were used in the South to reassert the dominance of white males. In part, this was achieved by a certain theatricality of preaching. Elizabeth Cady Stanton raised the issue of woman's suffrage for the first time, the principal author, modeled the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments on the Declaration of Independence - the document added "women" to Jefferson's axiom "all men are created equal." Education would "equalize the conditions of men.". The end of slavery would come about gradually under this ideal. American reformers also sought to implement school reform. Throughout New England, many Christians began to espouse Unitarianism, a sect based on the importance of human reason. )%2F13%253A_Antebellum_Revival_and_Reform%2F13.01%253A_Religious_Reforms_in_the_Antebellum_United_States, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), 13.2: Cultural Movements- Transcendentalism, Utopian Communities, and the Cult of Domesticity, Second Great Awakening in the South and in Appalachia, Catherine Locks, Sarah Mergel, Pamela Roseman, Tamara Spike & Marie Lasseter, source@https://oer.galileo.usg.edu/history-textbooks/1/, status page at https://status.libretexts.org. \text{General Corporate Expenses} &&420,000\\ Source for information on Antebellum Convention Movement . Garrison was militant in his call for immediate and complete emancipation as a moral imperative. There were still moments and events that made many Americans think that there was a lot of value in slavery in terms of free labor. Three hundred delegates, both men and women, attended the meeting. \text{Employee Payroll Expense}&& 3,000,000\\ These preachers travelled to the most remote areas, such as the Appalachian region, preaching to individuals, families, and communities. This page titled 13.1: Religious Reforms in the Antebellum United States is shared under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Catherine Locks, Sarah Mergel, Pamela Roseman, Tamara Spike & Marie Lasseter (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. For the urban poor, a very few were able to attend private charitable schools. This led to a women's movement that would run side by side with the abolition movement for equal rights among all people that live in the United States. The convention ended with the issue of the Declaration of Sentiments, a document that largely paralleled the Declaration of Independence, and leveled a series of charges against the patriarchy of the United States that had been the source of the oppression of women. Legal. Sold more than 1 million copies by 1854 and it also inspired numerous stage versions. The survey also asked the respondent's gender. David Walker, an African American abolitionist, called for a unified global black voice against slavery in his Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World. But one of the greatest frustrations that many black abolitionists faced was the racism they sometimes experienced from their fellow white abolitionists. In the early nineteenth century, the United States was becoming a more diverse nation; the new varieties of Protestantism were one reflection of this change. If they openly challenged the institution of slavery, slave owners would not allow their slaves to attend revival meetings or to hear the message. Unlike other reform movements, womens rights challenged the notion of separate spheres and the idea of true womanhood. Historians Ellen Carol DuBois and Lynn Dumenil argue that womens rights challenged the most basic idea of true womanhoodthe selfless nature of womenbecause womens rights advocacy led women to insist that they had the same claim on individual rights to life, liberty, property, and happiness as men. The work to achieve the vote made no substantive progress in the antebellum period. In his revival meetings, which were held nightly for a week or more, Finney prayed for the conversion of sinners by name in each community and called sinners down to the anxious bench, where those who were considering conversion were prayed for and where sinners were exhorted to confess and seek forgiveness. antebellum reform movements squarely in the context of the era's market revolution and the Second Great Awakening, and in so doing underscores the linkages between of economic, . What were the different varieties of abolitionism? In the 1800's a woman 'Belonged' to a man on marriage. Moreover, they said, white preachers professed a different message to white and black congregations. Evangelical sects emphasized the resurrection of Christ, the primacy of scripture, the spiritual rebirth of believers, and the importance of proselytizing. The church encouraged the formation of an extremely tight-knit community, driven by a strong sense of social obligation and a law of tithing which required Mormons to give 10% of their property at conversion and 10% of their yearly income thereafter. In 1821, the ACS helped to establish the colony of Liberia on the west coast of Africa and assisted some 13,000 slaves and free blacks to emigrate to the colony. The Unitarian movement spread through many of the Congregationalist churches of the area. Consider the following sample data. \text{Capitalized Lease Obligation}& 1,020,000& 1,100,000\\ Participation in the temperance movement was much more socially acceptable than participation in the abolition or womens rights movement. \text{Patent}& \$ 750,000 &\$ 875,000\\ Although black and white abolitionists worked closely together in the movement and usually worked well together, African Americans experienced racial prejudice even within the abolitionist movement. Through these moral reform societies, churches hoped to change society by putting individuals on the path to righteousness. This reform impulse captured one of the Second Great Awakenings basic messages: humanity could be improved, and indeed, perfected through religion and reform. In the first issue of the Liberator, he made a public apology for ever advocating a gradual end to slavery and called for its immediate end. Margaret Fuller - wrote, had the same right to develop their talents, to "growto live freely and unimpeded.". Camp meetings were so called because, on the sparsely populated frontier, many attendees had to travel long distances to the meeting and camp out at the location. (Problem 10), ASSETSCurrentAssetsCash$100,000$200,000CertificateofDeposit225,000AccountsReceivable(NetofEstimatedUncollectiblesof$100,000in2012and$160,000in2013)600,000500,000MerchandiseInventory1,800,0001,500,000Prepayments200,000200,000TotalCurrentAssets$2,925,000$2,400,000InvestmentsChicagoFinanceCorporation(40%Owned)$4,000,000$2,200,000RosenwaldCompany(50%Owned)1,025,000900,000HutchinsonCompany(25%Owned)175,000100,000TotalInvestments$5,200,000$3,200,000Property,Plant,andEquipmentLand$500,000$400,000Building4,000,0004,000,000MachineryandEquipment8,000,0007,300,000PropertyRightsAcquiredUnderLease1,500,0001,500,000Total$14,000,000$13,200,000LessAccumulatedDepreciationandAmortization(4,000,000)(3,800,000)TotalProperty,Plant,andEquipment$10,000,000$9,400,000Intangibles(atNetCarryingValue)Patent$750,000$875,000Goodwill1,125,0001,125,000TotalIntangibles$1,875,000$2,000,000TotalAssets$20,000,000$17,000,000LIABILITIESANDSHAREHOLDERSEQUITYCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable$550,000$400,000AdvancesfromCustomers640,000660,000SalariesPayable300,000240,000IncomeTaxesPayable430,000300,000RentReceivedinAdvance50,000OtherCurrentLiabilities460,000200,000TotalCurrentLiabilities$2,430,000$1,800,000Long-TermDebtBondsPayable$3,648,000$3,600,000EquipmentMortgageIndebtedness332,0001,300,000CapitalizedLeaseObligation1,020,0001,100,000TotalLong-TermDebt$5,000,000$6,000,000DeferredTaxLiability$1,570,000$1,400,000ShareholdersEquityConvertiblePreferredStock$2,000,000$2,000,000CommonStock2,000,0002,000,000AdditionalPaid-InCapital3,000,0002,400,000RetainedEarnings5,000,0002,800,000Total$12,000,000$9,200,000LessCostofTreasuryShares(1,000,000)(1,400,000)TotalShareholdersEquity$11,000,000$7,800,000TotalLiabilitiesandShareholdersEquity$20,000,000$17,000,000\begin{array}{lrr} Leadership and authority within the church was the exclusive domain of white men. The abolitionist emblem - a portrait of a slave in chains coupled with the motto "Am I Not a Man and a Brother?" These include: 1. What were the aims of prisons, asylums, and other institutions in this period of social ASSETSCurrentAssetsCashCertificateofDepositAccountsReceivable(NetofEstimatedUncollectiblesof$100,000in2012and$160,000in2013)MerchandiseInventoryPrepaymentsTotalCurrentAssetsInvestmentsChicagoFinanceCorporation(40%Owned)RosenwaldCompany(50%Owned)HutchinsonCompany(25%Owned)TotalInvestmentsProperty,Plant,andEquipmentLandBuildingMachineryandEquipmentPropertyRightsAcquiredUnderLeaseTotalLessAccumulatedDepreciationandAmortizationTotalProperty,Plant,andEquipmentIntangibles(atNetCarryingValue)PatentGoodwillTotalIntangiblesTotalAssetsLIABILITIESANDSHAREHOLDERSEQUITYCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayableAdvancesfromCustomersSalariesPayableIncomeTaxesPayableRentReceivedinAdvanceOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTotalCurrentLiabilitiesLong-TermDebtBondsPayableEquipmentMortgageIndebtednessCapitalizedLeaseObligationTotalLong-TermDebtDeferredTaxLiabilityShareholdersEquityConvertiblePreferredStockCommonStockAdditionalPaid-InCapitalRetainedEarningsTotalLessCostofTreasurySharesTotalShareholdersEquityTotalLiabilitiesandShareholdersEquity$100,000225,000600,0001,800,000200,000$2,925,000$4,000,0001,025,000175,000$5,200,000$500,0004,000,0008,000,0001,500,000$14,000,000(4,000,000)$10,000,000$750,0001,125,000$1,875,000$20,000,000$550,000640,000300,000430,00050,000460,000$2,430,000$3,648,000332,0001,020,000$5,000,000$1,570,000$2,000,0002,000,0003,000,0005,000,000$12,000,000(1,000,000)$11,000,000$20,000,000$200,000500,0001,500,000200,000$2,400,000$2,200,000900,000100,000$3,200,000$400,0004,000,0007,300,0001,500,000$13,200,000(3,800,000)$9,400,000$875,0001,125,000$2,000,000$17,000,000$400,000660,000240,000300,000200,000$1,800,000$3,600,0001,300,0001,100,000$6,000,000$1,400,000$2,000,0002,000,0002,400,0002,800,000$9,200,000(1,400,000)$7,800,000$17,000,000. Douglass was perhaps the most famous, influential, and vocal black abolitionist. Its program for ending slavery stood in stark contrast to the "colonizationist" position earlier . What is the difference between the waterfall approach and agile project management? Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. So they want to stay in the United States. The struggle to end slavery has a long history both globally and in the United States; indeed, the struggle to end slavery emerged at roughly the same time as slavery itself. (Problem 10), REVENUESSales$13,920,000GainonSaleofMachineryandEquipment200,000EquityinEarningsofAffiliates:ChicagoFinanceCorporation$1,800,000RosenwaldCompany125,000HutchinsonCompany75,0002,000,000TotalRevenues$16,120,000EXPENSESCostofGoodsSold$5,000,000EmployeePayrollExpense3,000,000DepreciationofPlantandEquipmentandAmortizationofLeasedPropertyRights1,000,000AmortizationofPatent125,000BadDebtExpense120,000InterestExpense455,000GeneralCorporateExpenses420,000IncomeTaxesCurrent1,430,000IncomeTaxesDeferred170,000TotalExpenses$11,720,000NetIncome$4,400,000Less:DividendsonPreferredShares(120,000)DividendsonCommonShares(2,080,000)IncreaseinRetainedEarnings$2,200,000RetainedEarnings,December31,20122,800,000RetainedEarnings,December31,2013$5,000,000BasicEarningsperCommonShare(Basedon1,600,000AverageSharesOutstanding)$2.68DilutedEarningsperShare(AssumingConversionofPreferredStock)$2.20\begin{array}{lrr} Many of his followers sold their worldly goods and gathered either in churches or in fields to await the arrival of Jesus. Kentucky Congressional representative Henry Clay argued for colonization because of the unconquerable prejudice against blacks in the United States. \quad\text{of \$100,000 in 2012 and \$160,000 in 2013)}& 600,000 &500,000\\ Transcendentalism's roots were in American Christianity. \text{Bonds Payable}& \$ 3,648,000 &\$ 3,600,000\\ Indeed, many slave owners feared the message of spiritual equality, so they kept the evangelists out. utopian communities (p. 434) In the early nineteenth century, a succession of religious revivals collectively known as the Second Great Awakening remade the nation's religious landscape. Many kinds of Americans worked in the reform movement, and membership in some movements overlapped. Over the next two days, the insurrectionists killed some sixty white men, women, and children. Each of these movements worked for freedom and emancipation and to grant a greater body of rights to two of the groups on the periphery of American society. Twenty years later in Charleston, South Carolina, lay-preacher Denmark Vesey led a similar conspiracy to incite rebellion. Saw both individuals and society at large as capable of indefinite improvement. Was used as an avenue to social advancement and was shared by the early labor movement, which made the establishment of common schools one of its goals. \text{Less Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization}& (4,000,000) &(3,800,000)\\ According to many antebellum reformers, intemperance (drunkenness) stood as the most troubling problem in the United States, one that eroded morality, Christianity, and played a starring role in corrupting American democracy. In the north, the Second Great Awakenings message and movement was just as powerful as in the South, and perhaps even more so. Abolitionists differed in their ideas about how to effectively bring about the end of slavery. c. 1,341.001,341.001,341.00 Chief among these physicians was Dr. Benjamin Rush of Pennsylvania. 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