Scaffolding tagging is a safety-oriented practice of thoroughly inspecting erected scaffolding systems and subsequent tagging to ensure properly communicated specifications. PLUMB/LEVEL/SQUARE. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: To send every worker home whole and healthy every day. Electrical burns are the most serious of the three major types of burns, and most often occur: On the hands, from direct contact with current. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so that workers have a safe, stable platform on which to work when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. Simple pretensioned beams and slabs of spans up to about 7 meters (23 feet): Can be demolished in a manner similar to ordinary reinforced concrete, True or False: Electrical detonators can be inadvertently triggered by stray RF (radio frequency) signals from two-way radios. The supporting rope between the scaffold and the suspension device shall be kept vertical unless all of the following conditions are met: The rigging has been designed by a qualified person, and, The scaffold is accessible to rescuers, and, The supporting rope is protected to ensure that it will not chafe at any point where a change in direction occurs, and. The SlideShare family just got bigger. If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: Must ensure all exposed and accessible sections of the machine are guarded. Bearers shall extend beyond the posts and runners, and shall provide full contact with the coupler. Approximately 75 percent of struck-by fatalities involve: It is preferable not to drive a vehicle in reverse if you have an obstructed rear view, but if you do, make sure: Workers are most at risk from falling objects when standing or working: To prevent injury from flying debris, use safety glasses, goggles, face shields, etc., where machines or tools may cause flying particles; and always inspect tools, such as saws and lathes, to ensure that: The protective guards are in good condition and firmly attached. The footing of scaffolding must be sound and rigid, capable of supporting the weight. Do not force frames or . Not tied. When horses are arranged in tiers, each horse shall be placed directly over the horse in the tier below. Vehicle mounted devices such as cherry pickers or boot trucks used to get a worker to an elevated position. Frequently used types of scaffolds include the Power systems used to propel mobile scaffolds shall be designed for such use. disadvantages. Scaffolds must be plumb, level, and squared. Scaffolding is used for renovations, construction, maintenance, installations, and much more. Scaffold 0c8be2a1 9996-490a-99c0-6ef40baed98a. Prevent An Expressway Emergency By Merging Without _____. A. The four lifting principles that govern a cranes mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity. Scaffolds shall not exceed three tiers in height, and shall be so constructed and arranged that one square rests directly above the other. Correct answer Special care and training incentives Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area: At the time of their initial assignment. Materials being hoisted onto a scaffold must Where conditions preclude the attachment of bracing to posts, bracing shall be attached to the runners as close to the post as possible. Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: A. Wooden bracket-form scaffolds shall be an integral part of the form panel. The following requirements do not apply to two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds used as masons' or stonesetters' scaffolds. Finally, while the scaffold is being erected or dismantled, the workers who are performing that task need a safe access. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. Always use . Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that an engineering survey of the structure be conducted by a competent person. Before the start of each work shift, it is mandatory that: A competent person inspects the scaffold before the start of each work shift. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. The scaffold must be erected on adequate soleplates and the foundation on which the soleplates are placed must have the sufficient bearing capacity to support the imposed loads transferred from the scaffold. This process is known as: OSHA requires that many categories of PPE meet or be equivalent to standards developed by: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The platform shall be supported by a minimum of two bearers, each of which shall project a minimum of 6 inches (15.2 cm) beyond the platform on both sides. If bearing on rungs only, the bearing area shall include a length of at least 10 inches (25.4 cm) on each rung. C. Wear goggles or safety spectacles Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them. Scaffolds must be erected in accordance with design and/or manufacturers' recommendations. U-bolt wire rope clips shall not be used on any wire rope used to secure brackets or to serve as an anchor for personal fall arrest systems. You might get some help from www.HelpWriting.net Success and best regards! Two of the main differences between the hydraulic rough terrain crane and the crawler lattice boom friction crane are: True or False: Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards how to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them, and must also prepare a written certification that identifies the employee trained and the date of the training. Scaffolding is not to be erected, moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by a . what to do and when to do it can save lives. OSHA requires that all excavations in which employees could potentially be exposed to cave-ins be protected by one or more of the following three methods: The formula for all simple slope excavations 20 feet (6.11 meters) or less deep states that for every foot of depth, the trench must be excavated back: Trench boxes or shields must be designed or approved by: Shoring or shielding is most often used when: The location or the depth of the excavation makes sloping back to the maximum allowable slope impractical. When an employee is using stilts on a large area scaffold where a guardrail system is used to provide fall protection, the guardrail system shall be increased in height by an amount equal to the height of the stilts being used by the employee. has financial rewards, with an estimated annual savings of $90 million for American 1. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. The ground is level and stable. Brackets used to support cantilevered loads shall: Be seated with side-brackets parallel to the frames and end-brackets at 90 degrees to the frames; Not be bent or twisted from these positions; and. work on scaffolds frequently. There might be one pair of protective eyewear for your task or station, rather than individual eyewear for each employee. Warped. Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. No handhold available. Hardware should be included to fasten the planks into place. Symptoms of silicosis ____________ , so workers should have a chest x-ray to see if there is lung damage. We've updated our privacy policy. 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. When wood poles are constructed of two continuous lengths, they shall be joined together with the seam parallel to the bracket. Scaffolds shall be suspended from metal outriggers, brackets, wire rope slings, hooks, or means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength, durability). The sheaves of all blocks shall fit the size of the rope used. Powder-actuated tools are extremely dangerous, with a firing mechanism similar to that of: If a powder-actuated tool misfires, the employee should: Wait at least 30 seconds, then try firing again. 6. Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. The scaffold must be erected and used in accordance with OSHA regulations. Platforms shall not extend outward beyond the base supports of the scaffold unless outrigger frames or equivalent devices are used to ensure stability. "Fabricated frame scaffolds" (tubular welded frame scaffolds). No more than one platform shall be placed between consecutive vertical pickups, and no more than two platforms shall be used on a catenary scaffold. ", "Form scaffolds and carpenters' bracket scaffolds. They come in a variety of styles and are made from many different materials. Do not erect, dismantle or alter a scaffold unless under the supervision of a competent person. Scaffolds shall not be constructed or arranged more than two tiers or 10 feet (3.0 m) in height, whichever is less. Scaffolding Injuries Approximately 2.3 million construction workers work on scaffolds regularly. Do not abuse or misuse the scaffold equipment. Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Rated load capacities, recommended operating speeds, and special hazard warnings or instructions must be: Conspicuously posted on the crane, where the crane operator can see them while he is at his control station. Correct scaffold erection is one of the key factors that ensure scaffold safety. . Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. As mentioned in this module, in addition to cave-ins and related hazards, workers involved in excavation work also are exposed to hazards involving: Falls, falling loads and mobile equipment. C. Suspended scaffolds Runners shall be erected along the length of . Wire ropes shall not be tightened to the extent that the application of a scaffold load will overstress them. The posts shall not be spaced more than 2.0 Mtrs. C. Both A and B This instability causes the weight to shift from one leg to another and could cause the overload of the leg and the collapse of the scaffold. Insufficient length. Runners shall be interlocked on straight runs to form continuous lengths, and shall be coupled to each post. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. When platforms are being moved to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new bearers have been set in place and braced prior to receiving the new platforms. Position the first level of bracing as close to the base as possible. a. Subscripts in the reactants must be conserved in the products. No employee is on any part of the scaffold which extends outward beyond the wheels, casters, or other supports. The support connection shall be arranged so as to prevent the needle beam from rolling or becoming displaced. Poles shall be secured to the structure by rigid triangular bracing or equivalent at the bottom, top, and other points as necessary. job, and he shouldhis life depends on it. Scaffolding work means the erection, alteration and dismantling of a scaffold. Scaffolding must not be placed on unstable objects, such as bricks or blocks. Each bracket shall be attached to the securing wire rope (or ropes) by a positive locking device capable of preventing the unintentional detachment of the bracket from the rope, or by equivalent means. Cyber Awareness Challenge 2022 Answers And Notes. Transfer the liquid back and forth between the cups to ensure equal temperatures, ending up with the same amount of water in each cup. scaffold falls, 4,500 injuries and 50 deaths from scaffold-related accidents would be The checks above are common scaffolding faults to look out for that show you the scaffold structure is unsafe. Learning Objectives The scaffold must be plumb, level and squared wi th all brace connections securely fastened. Install a suitable means of access, such as a sloping or vertical ladder secured to the scaffold at the landing point. Manual force used to move the scaffold shall be applied as close to the base as practicable, but not more than 5 feet (1.5 m) above the supporting surface. Add lukewarm water to two plastic cups. Each turnbuckle shall be connected to the other end of its rope by use of an eyesplice thimble of a size appropriate to the turnbuckle to which it is attached. Keep Vehicles and Heavy Equipment Clear. Place suitable sills and make sure there are no holes under the sills. Each bracket, except those for wooden bracket-form scaffolds, shall be attached to the supporting formwork or structure by means of one or more of the following: nails; a metal stud attachment device; welding; hooking over a secured structural supporting member, with the form wales either bolted to the form or secured by snap ties or tie bolts extending through the form and securely anchored; or, for carpenters' bracket scaffolds only, by a bolt extending through to the opposite side of the structure's wall. When dismantling a scaffold, all work should be conducted: Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by: What type of scaffold other than the tube and coupler scaffold is ideal for use around complex structures? B. Scaffolding by UWM 1. The inboard end of outrigger beams, measured from the fulcrum point to the extreme point of anchorage, shall be not less than one and one-half times the outboard end in length. One or more platforms supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, uprights, posts, frames, or similar rigid supports. Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor B. Some simple scaffolds are little more than planks and guardrails over two To prevent surface water from entering an excavation and to provide adequate drainage of the adjacent area, OSHA standards require the use of: Water removal equipment, diversion ditches, dikes, or other suitable methods. Hard hats must be worn by all persons erecting, moving, dismantling or using scaffolding. scaffold are exposed, and describe at least one method of hazard prevention for Employees are prohibited from working above other employees on the face of a sloped or benched excavation unless: Workers on lower level have overhead protection from falling objects. Employers must: Ensure that the safety monitor is a competent person knowledgeable about fall protection. Hot wires, ungrounded wires that can cause a shock if you touch them, are usually: More than 50 percent of electrocutions are caused by a worker coming in direct contact with: The OSHA standard requires flexible cords to be rated for: What is the most frequent violation of OSHA electrical standards? We thoroughly check each answer to a question to provide you with the most correct answers. All joints must be The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. Truck-mounted and rough terrain cranes are both forms of a mobile crane, and both use which of the following to increase their stability? A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. OSHA 10-Hour Construction Course: Module 5 Scaffolds Page 1 of 22 Specific requirements are described below. Select the equipment you need and place it near the work area. Scaffolds must be constructed of suitable structural materials. for construction, the agency estimated that by protecting these millions of workers from "Bricklayers' square scaffolds (squares). Runners and bearers shall be installed on edge. This poses a risk of electrocution not just to the worker holding the tool, but to everyone who contacts the scaffold. Runners shall extend over a minimum of two poles, and shall be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the poles. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay of the scaffold, because every degree that the scaffold is off level will be magnified as the scaffold is raised in height. scaffold, and the suspended scaffold. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. Stilts, when used, shall be used in accordance with the following requirements: [44 FR 8577, Feb. 9, 1979; 44 FR 20940. You've requested a page on a website (cloudflarepreview.com) that is on the Cloudflare network. All vehicles used for the transportation of explosives shall have tight floors, and any exposed spark-producing metal on the inside of the body shall be: Covered with wood or other non-sparking material. When the bearers are coupled to the runners, the couplers shall be as close to the posts as possible. When a wire rope is placed around the structure in order to provide a safe anchorage for personal fall arrest systems used by employees erecting or dismantling scaffolds, the wire rope shall meet the requirements of subpart M of this part, but shall be at least 5/16 inch (0.8 cm) in diameter. On scaffolds whose length is greater than their height, such bracing shall be repeated beginning at least at every fifth post. Tap here to review the details. 2. A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. Scaffold casters and wheels shall be locked with positive wheel and/or wheel and swivel locks, or equivalent means, to prevent movement of the scaffold while the scaffold is used in a stationary manner. Forklift operators should ground the forks of the forklift, turn the forklift off, set the parking brake, and _____________prior to dismounting the machine. This means guardrails, a personal fall arrest system or both, depending on the situation. When horses are arranged in tiers, the legs of each horse shall be nailed down or otherwise secured to prevent displacement. All brace connections shall be secured. A staging area is available. Do Not Try To Drive More Than______Hours In Any One Day. In general, head protection should do which of the following? Platforms shall be secured to the brackets in a manner that will prevent the separation of the platforms from the brackets and the movement of the platforms or the brackets on a completed scaffold. In 1996, when OSHA issued the revised Scaffold Standard Personal Fall Arrest System. Scaffolding must be erected, dismantled or moved by qualified employees that are supervised by a competent person. or more per square foot. USA (v. 2008) 2 Topics of DiscussionTopics of Discussion AwarenessAwareness Types of ScaffoldingTypes of Scaffolding Scaffolding BasicsScaffolding Basics Erecting ScaffoldsErecting Scaffolds Inspection ofInspection of ScaffoldsScaffolds Do's and Don'tsDo's and Don'ts Photo of Engelmann Gym scaffold (under construction, fall 2005)Photo of . Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. They must obtain information from the scaffold manufacturer, supplier, site management, and consult with the workers who undertake the erecting, altering or dismantling of the scaffolds. B. Pump jack brackets, braces, and accessories shall be fabricated from metal plates and angles. It provides a safe and stable platform for workers. improper grounding of circuitry and equipment. 1. Nothing should lean in any direction. Passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height, are abutting, and walk-through stirrups specifically designed for this purpose are used. B. That's one of the reasons why we need to keep it inspected - for safety sake! Found a mistake? Remote detonators to implode a structure "Multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, stonesetters' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, and masons' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds.". Rope connections shall be such that the platform cannot shift or slip. The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: suspended scaffolds Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: -- Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade Crawling Board. On scaffolds whose length is less than their height, such bracing shall be installed from the base of the end posts upward to the opposite end posts, and then in alternating directions until reaching the top of the scaffold. OSHA 1926.454(c) states: When an employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall: Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained. Erecting Scaffolding Safely. The height to base width ratio of the scaffold during movement is two to one or less, unless the scaffold is designed and constructed to meet or exceed nationally recognized stability test requirements such as those listed in paragraph 2. a. According to OSHA standard 1926.451 (g) (1), anyone working on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. Platforms shall not exceed a height of 20 feet (6.1 m). Note: Except where . Why? List at least three of the four main hazards to which persons working on a Find a more appropriate tool that doesnt cause debris to fly And workers must be trained by a qualified person before they use the scaffold. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Platform units shall be securely attached to the needle beams by bolts or equivalent means. Ensure the surface on which the scaffold will be erected is firm, level and capable of Where leveling of the scaffold is necessary, screw jacks or equivalent means shall be used. Braces, bearers, and runners shall not be spliced between poles. Each wire rope used for securing brackets in place or as an anchorage for personal fall arrest systems shall be protected from damage due to contact with edges, corners, protrusions, or other discontinuities of the supporting structure or scaffold components. Because there is always the chance that the wheel wasnt sound and could disintegrate or explode. missing parts due to area obstructions). 1926.454 Wood splice plates shall be provided on at least two adjacent sides, and shall extend at least 2 feet (0.6 m) on either side of the splice, overlap the abutted ends equally, and have at least the same cross-sectional areas as the pole. C. 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And he shouldhis life depends on it casters, or other supports protective eyewear for each employee one day such!